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Grangetown ((ウェールズ語: usually ''Grangetown'', although other names are sometimes used)) is a community in the south of Cardiff, capital of Wales. It is one of the largest districts in the south of the city and is bordered by Riverside, Canton and Butetown. The River Taff winds its way through the area. Adjacent to the city's Cardiff Bay area, Grangetown is benefitting from the nearby developments and is experiencing a period of gentrification and improvements in its infrastructure. Its population as of 2011 was 19,385 in 8,261 households. It was known as one of the "5 towns of Cardiff", the others being Butetown, Crockhertown, Newtown and Temperance Town. Grangetown is a diverse and multiracial district and has a significant population of Somali, Asian and mixed-race residents. It is home to a Swaminarayan Temple and various mosques including the newly built Abu Bakkar mosque. ==History and name== Until the mid-19th-century Grangetown was an area of marshy land used for farming. It appears to have been granted to the Cistercian abbey of Margam Abbey sometime at the end of the twelfth century. The monks established a monastic grange there which they held until they were expelled in around 1290 by Gilbert de Clare, Lord of Glamorgan. They were restored to their lands in 1329 and held them until the dissolution of the monasteries. The grange was named after the 'moor' or saltmarsh upon which it stood, giving rise to English forms such as 'More Grange' and 'Grangemoor' and French equivalents such as 'La Grange de Mora'.〔Grangetown History Society, (Grangetown Online History ).〕 By the fifteenth century the grange was being farmed to laymen. The last farmer was a landowner called Lewis ap Richard who is also known as a patron of the Welsh-language poet Rhys Brychan.〔Nansi Ceridwen Jones, '(Rhys Brychan, c. 1500 )', ''Dictionary of Welsh Biography''〕 After the dissolution, the grange remained in the hand of Lewis's descendants. Lewis's son, Edward Lewis, also a noted patron of Welsh poets, settled at the Van near Caerphilly. The grange remained in the hands of the Lewises of the Van when they moved to St Fagans Castle during the 1610s. The Lewis estates eventually passed through an heiress into the hands of Other Lewis Windsor (1731–1771), 4th Earl of Plymouth.〔Henry John Randall, '(Lewis family of Van )', ''Dictionary of Welsh Biography''.〕 The grange was farmed by a succession of tenants into the twentieth century. The farmhouse, known as Grange Farm, still exists today but is now surrounded by streets of terraced brick houses, which were built to house the many workers who moved to Cardiff to work in the industrial boom of the 19th century, particularly centered on the docks. The farmhouse dates in part from the sixteenth century.〔(GRANGE FARM, GRANGETOWN ), Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales. Retrieved 2011-11-17.〕 The name ''Grangetown'' is also the usual form in Welsh. The variants ''Y Grange'' (dating back to the nineteenth century〔For instance, 'ar y Morfa, mewn lle a elwir y Grange', (Hanes Eglwysi Annibynnol Cymru ), Thomas Rees and John Thomas (1871).〕) and ''Y Grênj''〔For instance, (Paul a'r Pethe ), Vaughan Roderick, BBC (2010).〕 (equivalents of ''The Grange'') are sometimes seen. Owen John Thomas has used the form ''Y Grange Mawr'' (literally, 'the great grange', though perhaps influenced by the English ''Grange Moor'').〔Owen John Thomas, 'Yr Iaith Gymraeg yng Nghaerdydd c.1800–1914', pp. 191–3, in Geraint H. Jenkins (ed.), ''Iaith Carreg Fy Aelwyd'' (Caerdydd, 1998).〕 The names ''Trelluest''〔For instance, (Marwolaeth Caerdydd: Cyhuddo dyn ), Golwg360 (2011).〕 (Welsh ''tre'' 'town' + ''lluest'' 'lodge'), ''Trefaenor''〔For instance, (Tîm pêl fas gwaith nwy Trefaenor, Caerdydd, 1918 ), Casglu'r Tlysau.〕 (''tre'' + ''maenor'' 'manor') and ''Trefynach''〔For instance, (Rhagolwg 27 ), RhAG (February 2013).〕 (''tre'' + ''mynach'' 'monk') appear to be recent coinages. ''Gwyddoniadur Cymru'', the Welsh-language version of the ''Encyclopaedia of Wales'', uses ''Grangetown'', but notes the existence of ''Trelluest''. Grangetown developed after 1850, the year Penarth Road and the bridges over the River Taff and River Ely were constructed, linking Cardiff with Penarth. It became a suburb of Cardiff in 1875.〔Morgan, Dennis 'The Illustrated History of Cardiff's Suburbs' Breedon Books (2003)〕 The area was low lying and subject to flooding. In 1883 the sea flooded parts of Grangetown to a depth of five feet.〔 Samuel Arthur Brain, the founder of Brains Brewery, was elected to Cardiff Council in 1885 to represent Grangetown.〔Glover, Brian 'Cardiff Pubs and Breweries' Tempus Publishing Ltd (2005), p.29〕 Grangetown's original public library on Redlaver Street was built 1900–1901 in the Tudor Gothic style.〔 It has now been sold to developers and converted into flats. Cardiff's popular pastries, Clark's Pies, arrived in Grangetown in 1955 when Dennis Dutch (great-grandson of Mary & Arthur Clark) opened a shop in Bromsgrove Street.〔Grangetown Local History Society 'Old Grangetown: Shops & Memories' (2009), p.37〕 The shop still trades today. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Grangetown, Cardiff」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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